Lasers are an integral part of many fields of modern science and technology. From medicine to industry, their versatile applications have contributed to significant advances in many fields. However, before we start working with lasers, it is essential to understand the basic risks associated with radiation emission, wavelengths, energy, power, and how to minimize the risks. The key safety aspects of working with lasers are discussed below.

Laser classes:

The basic step in understanding the safety of working with lasers is to learn about their classes. The classification of lasers takes into account the degree of potential danger to people and the environment. Laser radiation can be harmful to the eyes and skin, so this classification is a key point of reference.

According to ISO 60825-1:2014, lasers are divided into four main classes:

  • Class 1: Lasers of this class are considered safe under normal conditions of use. They do not cause harm to the eyes or skin, even in the case of prolonged exposure.
  • Class 2: Lasers of this class emit visible radiation, which can be harmful to the eyes when viewed directly, but are usually safe in case of accidental exposure.
  • Class 3R: Lasers of this class can be harmful to the eyes if we look at them directly or with optical instruments. They are generally safe for normal use, but may pose risks with long-term exposure.
  • Class 4: Lasers of this class can cause serious injury to the eyes and skin, even in the case of short-term exposure. They require special protection and caution when using.

Other factors must also be taken into account when classifying lasers, such as the surface area on which the radiation is directed and also the method of use. The vast majority of medical lasers are class 4 devices.

Radiation Emission:

Laser radiation covers a wide range of wavelengths that can have different effects on the human body. The wavelength determines how deep the radiation penetrates the tissues and what its effects may be. For example, near-infrared radiation can penetrate deeply, while ultraviolet radiation mainly affects the skin. These properties are crucial when selecting the right device for specific application. Treatments in the field of aesthetic medicine or dermatology require a different interaction with tissue than surgical lasers.

Laser energy and power:

The energy and power of lasers are key parameters that determine the intensity of radiation. The greater the energy and power, the greater the risk to health. Therefore, controlling these parameters and applying appropriate safeguards is essential to ensure safety. In modern laser devices, the selection of parameters is facilitated by defined treatment programs. This minimizes the risk of working with too much power and ensures even better treatment results.

Appropriate safeguards:

When working with lasers, appropriate safety measures should be used, such as safety glasses (selected for a specific wavelength), shields, or emergency systems. In addition, ensuring adequate ventilation and limiting access to laser work areas also play a key role in preventing accidents.

Staff training:

Ensure that doctors and staff working with lasers are properly trained. Students should be aware of the potential hazards and the rules for safe use of lasers. The training should include hazard identification, emergency procedures and the use of protective equipment. What is extremely important in the case of medical equipment, training in the field of performed procedures should be conducted by a specialist physician with extensive experience.

Safety of working with lasers is an extremely important issue that requires understanding and following certain rules. The key aspects are laser classes, radiation emission, energy and power, appropriate safeguards, and training of doctors and staff. Following these rules will minimize the risk of accidents and maintain safety in the workplace.

Safety of working with lasers is an extremely important issue that requires understanding and following certain rules. The key aspects are laser classes, radiation emission, energy and power, appropriate safeguards, and training of doctors and staff. Following these rules will minimize the risk of accidents and maintain safety in the workplace.